Angus J Huck

8-1-2003

Salisbury/Sarum/Sorbiodumum


Dear Ms Pringle,
 
In a recent issue of UFO Magazine, which I do not have in front of me, you offered an etymology for Sorbiodunum, the Roman name of the site now known as Old Sarum in Wiltshire.
 
I cannot remember exactly what you said, but I know I didn't agree with you at the time, so I'll tell you what I think is the right answer.
 
Sorbiodunum is a hybrid name. -dunum is a Celtic term for a pre-Roman hillfort, which is what Old Sarum was (recent excavations have confirmed this).
 
This was overlaid on to an earlier name of the place, which was Dene-Caucasian (ie, from one of the languages spoken by the first modern human immigrants to Europe 40,000 years ago).
 
sorbio (earlier *sorwi ?) may be compared with Basque xurbi "berry" and Proto-Yeniseian *shulpe, also "berry" (and possibly also Basque zurba "madrone tree").
 
There may have been a toponymic suffix, such as -di, -ola, -eta, -aka, -kone, etc, but this has been lost or has merged with -dunum through assimilation.
 
The name would have meant "place where berries grow".
 
In the vicinity of Salisbury are a number of river-names which are probably Dene-Caucasian: Sem, Nadder, Wellow and Wylie, meaning "osier", "brightly coloured", "marsh" and "muddy river" respectively. If I had my Ekwall in front of me I would be able to explain this in more detail.
 
I hope the above is helpful.
 
I cannot be contacted by e-mail, only via Royal Mail, at: Suite 401, 302 Regent Street, London W1B 3HH, 07814-562194.
 
With best wishes,
 
 
 
 
Angus J Huck